International Business
Please help me write the answer.（100 Choice question）Please give me the answer at 8 p.m. 2019.1.5 Seoul time.
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International Business
1. Which of the following refers to the exporting of goods or services to consumers in another country?
A. situational commerce
B. world exchange
C. international
trade
D. cross-national barter
2. When a firm invests resources in business activities outside its home country, giving it control over those activities, it is referred to as:
A. international trade.
B. domestic direct investment.
C. transnational barter.
D. foreign direct investment.
3. The globalisation of refers to the sourcing of goods and services from locations around the globe to take advantage of national differences in the cost and quality of factors of production (such as labour, energy, land and capital).
A. information technology
B. process design
C. markets
D. production
4. The globalisation of refers to the shift towards a more integrated and interdependent world economy.
A. corporations
B. production
C. markets
D. culture
5. Although Boeing is incorporated in the United States, eight Japanese suppliers make parts for the fuselage, doors and wings; a supplier in Singapore makes the doors for the nose landing gear; and three suppliers in Italy manufacture wing flaps. Boeing is taking part in:
A. exporting.
B. licensing.
C. outsourcing.
D. franchising.
6. In establishing their credentials, companies such as McDonald’s hamburgers, Samsung phones and Apple iPads apply the same basic formula worldwide, which is to:
A. standardise its product offerings, and then adapt to local conditions.
B. adapt its product offerings, and then standardise to local conditions.
C. outsource manufacturing to key suppliers.
D. open large warehouses under franchise agreement.
7. An international treaty that committed signatories to lowering barriers to the free flow of goods across national borders is called:
A. the International Agreement on Trade.
B. the Global Expansion Agreement.
C. the Warsaw Pact.
D. the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade.
8. The term ‘offshoring’:
A. is synonymous with outsourcing.
B. means that the tasks previously performed in one country are now being undertaken abroad.
C. means shoring-up intellectual capital.
D. means that the tasks that were previously performed in-house are now purchased from another country.
9. Globalisation results in a greater degree of across markets and
in the world economy than would be present otherwise.
A. diversification; homogeneity
B. diversity; complexity
C. integration; interdependency
D. isolation; independence
10. is seen as the lender of last resort to nation-states whose economies are in economic turmoil and whose currencies are losing value against those of other nations.
A. The International Monetary Fund
B. The International Bank
C. The United Nations
D. The United States
11. Promoting economic development, primarily by offering low-interest loans to governments of poorer nations, is the purpose of:
A. the United Nations.
B. the International Monetary Fund.
C. the World Trade Organization.
D. the World Bank.
12. are the two macro factors that seem to underlie the trend towards greater globalisation.
A. The increase in global economic stability; and the slowdown in technological change
B. The increase in barriers to the free flow of goods, services and capital that has occurred since the end of World War Two; and global economic stability
C. The decline in barriers to the free flow of goods, services and capital that has occurred in the past 10 years; and the slowdown in technological change
D. The decline in barriers to the free flow of goods, services and capital that has occurred since the end of World War Two; and increased technological change
13. The flow of foreign direct investment experienced a major temporary setback during which years?
A. 1990–99
B. 2000–07
C. 2008–09
D. 2010–11
14. One concern of globalisation critics is that a global economy shifts economic power away from and towards .
A. the proletariat; the bourgeoisie
B. national governments; supranational organisations
C. the West; the East
D. the East; the West
15. Any firm that engages in international trade or investment is referred to as:
A. a multinational.
B. a franchise.
C. a conglomerate.
D. an international business.
16. Managing an international business is different from managing a purely domestic business for all of the following reasons, except:
A. countries are different.
B. international transactions involve converting money into different currencies.
C. the range of problems confronted by a manager in an international business is narrower than those confronted by a manager in a domestic business.
D. an international business must find ways to work within the limits imposed by government intervention in the international trade and investment system.
17. Managing an international business is different from managing a domestic business and is more challenging due to a variety of reasons including country differences; a wider range of more complex problems; the greater intensity of competition; increased likelihood of intervention by governments, home and host; and:
A. barriers to cross-border trade and investment are said to be flat or dormant.
B. outsourcing is increasing due to worldwide productivity.
C. added complexity of conducting transactions in different countries.
D. national economies are becoming increasingly interdependent on each other.
18. One of the best known examples of economic integration (regional trade agreements) is that of the European Union. The text describes this example as:
A. a customs union.
B. a common market.
C. an economic union.
D. a political union.
19. Two main threats to regional economic integration are:
A. the within-group business environment will become more competitive; firms outside the trading bloc are effectively locked-out of the single market.
B. the costs of doing business outweigh benefits; concerns over sabotage exist.
C. the growth of mergers within the single market; concerns over national sovereignty.
D. MNEs are exerting huge power; concerns over the Euro currency.
20. The least integrated or shallowest form of economic integration is known as:
A. a Free Trade Area.
B. a Customs Union.
C. a Common Market.
D. an Economic Union.
21. The economic case for integration is:
A. bilateral and multilateral country agreements.
B. linking neighbouring economies and dependency on each other.
C. free trade and investment.
D. to eliminate ‘winners’ and ‘losers’.
22. Host governments use a wide range of controls to restrict FDI in all but one of the following:
A. establishment and entry.
B. ownership and control.
C. performance and procedural restrictions.
D. profiteering and dumping.
23. Host governments worry that FDI is accompanied by some loss of economic independence. Their fear is attributed to:
A. protectionism, tariffs and subsidies.
B. quotas, dumping and government capture.
C. export processing zones, rules of origin and quota rent.
D. transfer pricing, repatriation of funds and national sovereignty.
24. The industry argument for government intervention contends that governments should temporarily support new industries.
A. mature
B. declining
C. infant
D. established
25. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) were successful in tariff barriers on manufactured goods and commodities, but there has been progress on agricultural trade and FDI liberalisation.
A. raising; no
B. stopping; significant
C. enabling; disappointing
D. lowering; little
26. There are seven instruments in trade policy, namely, tariffs, subsidies, import quotas, voluntary export restraints, local content requirements, administrative policies and antidumping. Of the seven listed, which one is regarded as the oldest and simplest instrument in trade policy?
A. tariffs
B. voluntary export restraints
C. subsidies
D. import quotas
27. If , a charge of ‘dumping’ can be levied against a foreign firm.
A. goods are being sold that do not meet local content requirements, or goods are being sold that do not meet local quality standards
B. goods are being sold at predatory prices, or goods are being sold that do not meet local product safety standards
C. goods are being sold without the consent of the host government, or goods are being sold that do not meet local quality standards
D. goods are being sold at below their cost of production, or goods are being sold at below their ‘fair’ market value
28. In general, what are two paths of arguments for government intervention into the free flow of trade?
A. patriotic and sociocultural
B. sociocultural and legal
C. political and economic
D. legal and patriotic
29. The argument is one of the oldest economic arguments for government intervention into the free flow of trade.
A. mature industry
B. infant industry
C. declining industry
D. institutional industry
30. A country’s export and import of goods and services is referred to as the:
A. current account.
B. foreign account.
C. internal account.
D. tariff account.
31. Since national governments and the general public dislike increasing foreign debt, this is known as running a:
A. current account surplus.
B. current account deficit.
C. payment surplus.
D. payment deficit.
32. It is increasingly common for governments to:
A. offer incentives to firms that invest in their countries.
B. penalise firms that invest in their countries.
C. offer incentives to firms from developed countries to invest in their countries, but not to firms from developing countries.
D. offer incentives to firms from developing countries to invest in their countries, but not to firms from developed countries.
33. Which of the following has the highest level of integration?
A. economic union
B. customs union
C. common market
D. political union
34. Which type of agreement is the most popular form of regional economic integration, accounting for almost 90 per cent of regional agreements?
A. customs union agreement
B. free trade agreement
C. common market agreement
D. political union agreement
35. The case for regional economic integration is that there are:
A. no concerns over the safety of travel from one nation to another and concerns over dissimilar political ideologies.
B. no concerns over costs and concerns over national sovereignty.
C. the possibilities free trade will allow countries to specialise in the production of goods and services and produce them most efficiently.
D. the possibilities that free trade will allow countries to standardise and adapt the production of goods and services.
36. Formed in 1967, ASEAN was an attempt to establish a free trade area between:
A. Indonesia, Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand and Japan.
B. Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand
C. Japan, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, China and Malaysia.
D. Brunei, Indonesia, Hong Kong, Thailand, Cambodia and Japan
37. The determinants of culture are identified with all but one of the following:
A. religion
B. class
C. education
D. language
38. Cross-cultural literacy means:
A. an understanding of how cultural differences across and within nations can affect the way in which business is practiced.
B. abstract ideas about what a group believes to be good, right and desirable.
C. the social rules and guidelines that prescribe appropriate behaviour in particular situations.
D. reference to a group of people who share a common set of values and norms.
39. With individualism and individual achievement one of the most common elements of social structure in Western societies, one unintended consequence of this philosophy is:
A. that it focuses on becoming a leader more than a manager.
B. that it promotes the opportunity to ‘get rich quick’.
C. the lack of company loyalty and failure to gain company-specific knowledge.
D. that it fosters working alone more than in groups.
40. In the United States and Japan, the gesture of making a circle with the thumb and the forefinger is associated with and .
A. joy; festive occasions
B. friendliness; money
C. virtue; truth
D. youth; humour
41. Hofstede’s pioneer work on cultures was obtained from .
A. telephone conversations
B. focus groups
C. questionnaires
D. Internet
42. A is a system of values and norms that are shared among a group of people and that when taken together constitute a design for living.
A. society
B. clique
C. fraternity
D. culture
43. are the two central components of culture.
A. Ethics and laws
B. Values and norms
C. Religious beliefs and family tradition
D. Class consciousness and social mobility
44. Most Western countries tend to have cultures where explicit communication is preferred.
A. individualistic; low-context
B. individualistic; high-context
C. high-context; low-context
D. low-context; high-context
45. Individuals born into a at the bottom of the hierarchy can work their way up, while individuals at the top can work their way down.
A. class system
B. caste system
C. value system
D. norm system
46. In society, the high degree of social mobility and the extreme emphasis on individualism limit the impact of class background on business operations.
A. Russian
B. American
C. Indian
D. Norwegian
47. Which of the following lists correctly identifies the world’s major religions by size from highest to lowest?
A. Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism
B. Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism
C. Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism
D. Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, Hinduism
48. Which of the following religions prohibits the payment or receipt of interest?
A. Christianity
B. Islam
C. Confucianism
D. Hinduism
49. Because language shapes the way people perceive the world, it also helps define
.
A. religion
B. culture
C. guanxi
D. ethics
50. The recent trends in international business strongly indicate that when Japanese and German businesspeople conduct business together, the language in which they will communicate is almost certain to be .
A. French
B. German
C. Japanese
D. English
51. Which one of the following dimensions focused on how a society deals with the fact that people are unequal in physical and intellectual capabilities?
A. collectivism
B. individualism
C. uncertainty avoidance
D. power distance
52. Which one of the following best identifies Hofstede’s five dimensions that he claimed summarised different cultures?
A. individualism versus collectivism, power distance, tolerant versus intolerant and aggressive verses passive
B. uncertainty avoidance, masculinity versus femininity, individual versus group-oriented and forward versus reserved
C. aggressive verses passive, tolerant versus intolerant, power distance, individual versus group- oriented and high-context verses low-context
D. power distance, individualism versus collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity versus femininity and long-term verses short-term orientation
53. In a representative democracy, citizens periodically individuals to represent them.
A. appoint
B. promote
C. elect
D. nominate
54. A more liberal ‘right-leaning’ ideology would see the government’s role as one of facilitating within:
A. a market system and private enterprise.
B. a command system and public enterprise.
C. a laissez-faire system with no enterprise.
D. an autocracy.
55. China today is regarded as a form of government in which one person or political party exercise control in form.
A. Communist
B. theocratic
C. tribal
D. right-wing
56. The bundle of legal rights over the use to which a resource is put, and over the use made of any income that may be derived from that resource, are called rights.
A. statutory
B. asset
C. taxable
D. property
57. Economic evidence suggests that high levels of significantly reduce the foreign direct investment, level of international trade and economic growth rate in a country.
A. policing
B. corruption
C. transparency
D. capitalism
58. A composer is able to protect an original musical score from being copied and sold by someone else through protection.
A. patent
B. warrant
C. trademark
D. copyright
59. As a result of protection, authors, playwrights, artists and publishers are afforded exclusive rights to disperse their work as they see fit.
A. trademark
B. copyright
C. patent
D. warrant
60. Patents, copyrights and trademarks are examples of property laws.
A. intellectual
B. administrative
C. official
D. central
61. An expression of liberalism that supports private ownership and individual enterprise and advocates the free flow of foreign capital in order to maximise national and global economic wellbeing is an example of which type of attitude towards FDI?
A. radical view
B. free market view
C. pragmatic nationalism
D. capitalist-imperialist
62. The of a country refers to the rules that regulate behaviour, along with the processes by which the laws of a country are enforced and through which redress for grievances is obtained.
A. political system
B. administrative system
C. economic structure
D. legal system
63. risk has been defined as the likelihood that political forces will cause drastic changes in a country’s business environment that adversely affect profit and other goals of a business enterprise.
A. Legal
B. Operational
C. Political
D. Transfer
64. The bargaining power of the firm and host government when considering the benefits of FDI, the restrictions on access and concessions the firm must make depends on all of the following factors except:
A. the value each side places on what the other has to offer.
B. political risk on behalf of the government and economic risk on behalf of the firm.
C. the number of comparable alternatives available to each side.
D. each party’s time horizon.
65. Political systems can be assessed according to two related dimensions:
A. the degree to which they emphasise individualism opposed to totalitarianism, and the degree to which they are individualistic verses democratic.
B. the degree to which they are market-orientated opposed to production-orientated, and the degree to which they are democratic verses individualistic.
C. the degree to which they emphasise social democracy opposed to Communism, and the degree to which they emphasise collectivism opposed to individualism.
D. the degree to which they emphasise collectivism opposed to individualism, and the degree to which they are democratic or totalitarian.
66. A political system in which citizens periodically elect individuals to represent them is referred to as a .
A. participatory collective
B. totalitarian democracy
C. representative democracy
D. socialistic democracy
67. When behaviour and processes are regulated by a system of laws that are consistently and transparently applied and enforced, this is called:
A. an establishment of codes
B. a dispute resolution procedure
C. an instigated trust
D. a rule of law
68. The economic environment of a country clearly influences the attractiveness of that country as a market and/or investment site. The overall attractiveness of a country depends on balancing:
A. strategy and structure.
B. finance and marketing.
C. costs and benefits.
D. profit and loss.
69. The benefits of doing business in a country are a function of:
A. the size of the market.
B. its present wealth.
C. its resource endowments.
D. pride and prejudice.
70. By investing early in countries that are currently poor but are nevertheless growing rapidly, firms can gain a:
A. first-mover advantage.
B. late-mover advantage.
C. significant advantage.
D. strategic advantage.
71. The costs of doing business in a country tend to be where macroeconomic instability exists and where supporting infrastructure is .
A. lesser; overdeveloped
B. greater; underdeveloped
C. unimportant; proposed
D. nil; planned
72. The rate of economic progress in a country seems to depend on the extent to which that country has a:
A. stable and resilient leadership.
B. low inflation environment.
C. well-functioning economy.
D. large export market.
73. High inflation, increasing current account deficits and foreign debt are elements of which type of macro situation?
A. business cycle
B. political manoeuvre
C. legal fracture
D. economic instability
74. When a firm is considering going global, it needs to assess not only current (economic) conditions, but also whether or not those conditions are:
A. favourable.
B. competitive.
C. sustainable.
D. practical.
75. A widespread downturn in activity, usually indicated by successive periods of negative economic growth, is referred to as a:
A. mild depression
B. contraction leading to a recession
C. consequence of disinvestment
D. source of real GDP
76. A decrease in the general (average) price level of goods and services in the economy is known as:
A. inflation.
B. deflation.
C. stagflation.
D. reflation.
77. In any balance of payments summary, the current account records show:
A. financial account statements.
B. net errors and omissions.
C. capital account statements.
D. goods and services.
78. The is influenced by the prevailing political system.
A. corporate system
B. economic system
C. technological system
D. market system
79. Production is determined by the interaction of supply and demand, and signalled to producers through the price system, in what kind of economy?
A. mixed economy
B. command economy
C. market economy
D. trade economy
80. Of the four main obstacles to economic performance, the listing comprises all of the following principles except:
A. policy uncertainty.
B. macroeconomic instability.
C. tax rate.
D. consumer price index.
81. Compared to the process of economic development, which is a long-term phenomenon, macroeconomic focuses more on the state of the current economic conditions of an economy.
A. uncertainty
B. instability
C. stability
D. forces
82. PPP is an acronym that stands for:
A. power purchasing procedures.
B. procurement priority procedures.
C. priority patent procedures.
D. purchasing power parity.
83. All of the following measures or indices give a static picture of development, except:
A. the Human Development Index (HDI).
B. Gross National Income (GNI).
C. Economic Growth Rates (EGR).
D. Purchasing Power Parity (PPP).
84. It has been argued that the economic freedom associated with a economy creates greater incentives for innovation than either a planned or mixed economy.
A. production
B. market
C. commercial
D. manufacturing
85. Since the late 1980s, two major trends have emerged in the political economies of many of the world’s national states. These are:
A. a wave of Communist revolutions has swept the world, and there has been a strong move away from free market economies towards more centrally planned economies.
B. a wave of socialistic revolutions has swept the world, and there has been a strong move away from free market economies towards more centrally planned and mixed economies.
C. a wave of democratic revolutions has swept the world, and there has been a strong move away from centrally planned and mixed economies towards more free market economies.
D. a wave of totalitarian revolutions has swept the world, and there has been a strong move away from centrally planned and mixed economies towards more free market economies.
86. Which of the following is NOT one of the key main reasons for the spread of democracy worldwide?
A. The spread of democracy has been unchallenged worldwide.
B. In many countries, the economic advances of the past 25 years have led to the emergence of increasingly prosperous middle and working classes, which have pushed for democratic reforms.
C. The spread of new information and communications technologies.
D. Many totalitarian regimes failed to deliver economic progress to most of their populations.
87. Which of the following involves removing legal restrictions to the free play of markets, the establishment of private enterprises, and the manner in which private enterprises operate?
A. privatisation
B. simplification
C. deregulation
D. socialism
88. transfers the ownership of state property into the hands of private individuals.
A. Privatisation
B. Simplification
C. Deregulation
D. Socialism
89. Monetary policy is a form of policy.
A. microeconomic
B. national or macroeconomic
C. international
D. national, state and local
90. Economic stabilisation goals can be conflicting in that:
A. reducing national debt levels may not induce overseas investment to the nation.
B. economic prosperity may not be balanced in the nation.
C. increasing deficits nearly always results in higher interest payments.
D. an increase in the rate of economic growth can lead to higher rates of inflation.
91. A recession is a widespread in activity, usually indicated by successive periods of _ economic growth.
A. upturn; high
B. downturn; neutral
C. downturn; negative
D. disappointment; low
92. Given that Japan is experiencing and , many firms have set their sights on markets outside of Japan as a way to sustain growth.
A. a young population; long-term stagflation
B. an ageing population; short-term depression
C. a young population; short-term deflation
D. an ageing population; long-term recession
93. The attractiveness of a country as a potential market depends on balancing the benefits, costs and risks associated with doing business in that country, and also:
A. the objectives of the firm.
B. listening to what customers want.
C. undertaking market research.
D. taking large and small orders.
94. When making basic entry decisions, the cost–risk trade-off is likely to be most favourable in what type of country?
A. one that is large
B. one with a free market system
C. one that is politically instable
D. a Communist country
95. The first stage of any analysis when deciding to enter a foreign market is examining the broader economic indicators to obtain an impression of the type of economy the firm is seeking to undertake business in, its economic potential and its .
A. managerial skills
B. financial standing
C. degree of risk
D. competitors
96. The great promise of is that large revenue and profit opportunities are to be found in foreign markets for most firms in many industries.
A. financing
B. countertrade
C. importing
D. exporting
97. Which of the following is NOT a dispute resolution channel in international business?
A. litigation
B. negotiation
C. mediation
D. arbitration
98. Which of the following is NOT a conceptual framework to describe cultural differences?
A. Hofstede cultural framework
B. The hierarchy of needs framework
C. Monochronic-polychronic scale
D. High-low context culture scale
99. Which of the following best describes world view 2.0?
A. the world is flat
B. the countries are independent from each other
C. cross-border differences persist
D. the world is regionalized
100. Which of the following does not indicate a group of emerging markets?
A. BRIC
B. MIST
C. ASEAN
D. VISTA
